Weekly Market Update: 2022 could be volatile

Market Update

Equities in major markets retreated last week as tightening central banks and the prospect of further coronavirus restrictions due to the Omicron variant gave rise to renewed volatility. US, UK and EU stocks slipped following the decisions of the Federal Reserve to taper at a faster rate than expected, the Bank of England to raise interest rates, and the ECB to phase out its Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme. Concurrently, reimpositions of restrictions on social activity in European countries served to weigh down on sentiment. Global stocks fell by -1.5%, emerging market stocks fell by -1.7%, while Japanese stocks posted modest gains of +0.2%. The US 10Y Treasury yield fell 8.2bps, finishing the week at 1.402%, while the UK 10Y yield rose 1.8bps to 0.759%. In US Dollar terms gold rose by +0.9%, and oil fell by -1.1% to $68.5 per barrel.

CIO Analysis

2022 could be volatile

In a very different modus operandi from the last pandemic resurgence, central banks are now on a firm tightening road. Last week the Fed toned up its hawkishness and stepped up the pace of asset tapering. Likewise, the Bank of England proceeded with a not entirely well communicated minor rate hike. In both cases, monetary tightening in the real economy is nominal and certainly not commensurate to 5%-plus inflation. It is a calculated bid to prevent supply-side inflation, which they can’t really control, from becoming demand-driven.

Hawkishness, even in the face of worsening economic conditions due to the Omicron variant, is more about signalling that substance. The plain fact is that with so much debt, governments simply can’t afford much higher rates on refinancing costs. However, even marginally higher rates should, in theory, dampen inflation expectations and stave off a wave of wage increases that could lead to an inflationary vicious circle. It is no surprise that the ECB, which has seen little evidence of wage inflation, is more dovish than its Anglo-Saxon counterparts. Futures markets now estimate three rate hikes for the US and the UK in the next twelve months, up from nearly one they expected in September.

Markets oscillated near the end of the week without reacting significantly. However, investors should not mistake the mild initial market reaction for a sign that we are back to ‘business as usual’. A twelve-year investment paradigm, where the slightest market volatility is met with the full force of the Fed’s printing machine, is clearly shifting. From ‘QE-on-demand’, financial markets are transitioning into a different regime, driven by a mountain of ‘residual liquidity’, which should take a long time to be absorbed into the system, coupled with the assumption that the ‘Fed Put’ will still hold in times of stress.

No matter how well communicated, it’s difficult to imagine a regime change without any sort of volatility. Investors still believe that the Fed is fundamentally dovish, which means they expect QE if equity indices drop below certain levels. The more the Fed stays its hand, the more nervous they will get trying to discover the ‘Put’s floor’.

We would not be too surprised if, in the near future, markets wish to test what the new limits are for the Fed to exercise its ‘Put’. We believe that, for 2022, investors should at the very least be prepared for more volatility. Gauging how the Fed responds to that will tell us a lot more about the terms and conditions surrounding the new investment regime. – David Baker, CIO